The study found that smoking rates have plummeted from 69 percent in 2001 to 32 percent in 2024, while engagement in strenuous exercise has more than doubled since 2014, rising from 2.7 percent to 5.8 percent. Educational achievements have also surged, with third level progression increasing from 6 percent in 2001 to 35 percent in 2024.

In addition, community engagement has grown, with 98 percent of residents valuing public recreational spaces and 84 percent using public transport. Homeownership has become more stable, with 28 percent of residents now living in the same home for over 30 years, compared to just 3 percent in 2001. However, private rental occupancy has also risen from 4 percent to nearly 14 percent.

Despite expanded healthcare facilities, access remains a challenge, as almost half of residents visited Tallaght University Hospital in the past year, and one in three with chronic illnesses is on a waiting list. According to the survey, 31 percent of residents delayed or skipped medical due to cost concerns in 2024.

While heart disease rates have fallen, cases of diabetes (14 percent) and neurological disorders (19 percent) have increased. Mental health issues are also on the rise, with 70 percent of residents reporting stress, up from 59 percent in 2001, with financial strain being the main factor.

“We need continued investment in terms of access to healthcare, particularly in the community setting, so it’s close to people’s homes and it’s convenient for them”, Dr. Darach Ó Ciardha, Tallaght-based GP, concluded. “We also need to keep the pressure on in terms of investing in housing, good quality housing, because that is so fundamental to maintaining people’s health.”