The focus is on expanding wind and solar power and continuing support schemes for renewable energy. A new programme is also proposed to further encourage green electricity generation.

Agriculture, Northern Ireland’s top emitter, was responsible for 31% of emissions in 2023. Rather than reducing livestock numbers, as recommended by the UK Climate Change Committee, Daera aims to lower emissions by improving farming practices—using better genetics, novel feeds, and converting slurry to biomethane. The Sustainable Agriculture Programme will help farmers collaborate to cut emissions.

Business and industry contribute 11.9% of emissions. CAP measures include improving energy efficiency, enforcing emissions regulations, funding clean technologies, and updating building standards.

Transport, the second-largest source, will cut emissions by shifting to low- and zero-emission fuels and promoting sustainable travel like walking and cycling.

Homes and public buildings have reduced emissions by 31.4% since 1990, but heating still relies heavily on fossil fuels. CAP proposes switching to electric heating and improving building efficiency to reduce energy use.

Waste emissions rose slightly to 4% in 2023. CAP targets include increasing recycling to 70% by 2030 and reducing biodegradable waste in landfills.

Land use and forestry made up 12% of emissions in 2023. Plans include planting 9,000 hectares of new woodland by 2030 and protecting peatlands. Only 2,000 hectares have been planted so far.

Fisheries, the smallest sector, accounts for just 0.1% of emissions. Investment will support cleaner fuel and electric boats.

Minister Andrew Muir called the CAP consultation a “milestone moment” and urged public participation before it closes on 8 October.